b'style (VITAL) cohort, Nutrition and Cancer, 2011, 63(4):Protects the Liver: A cohort of 15 573-582, at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2011.553022. people with non-alcoholicfatty Improves Kidney Function, Preventsliverdisease were given GSE for three Kidney Disease, and Is Anti-fungal:months.Liverenzymes,especially In one study, 23 people diagnosed withALT, were monitored monthly. The chronic renal failure were given tworesults were compared with a group grams of grape seed extract daily fortaking two grams of Vitamin C per Grape Seed Extract:sixmonthsandthencomparedwithday.Afterthreemonths,theGSE A Super-Supplement a placebo group. Urinary protein de- groupexperienceda46%reduction Part Two (Five more benefits)creasedby3%andkidneyfiltrationin ALT, while the Vitamin-C group improved by 9%. showed little change.Cancer Protection: An epidemio- Turki K, Charradi K, Boukhalfa H, et al., Grape seedKhoshbaten M, Aliasgarzadeh A, Masnadi K, et al., powder improves renal failure of chronic kidney dis- Grape seed extract to improve liver function in pa-logical study in Washington Statetients with nonalcoholic fatty liver change, The ease patients, EXCLI Journal, 2016, 15: 424-433, at found that men who used grape seedhttp://dx.doi.org/10.17179/excli2016-363; Simonetti G,SaudiJournalofGastroenterology,2010,16(3): extract (GSE) reduced their risk of de- Santamaria A, DAuria F, et al., Evaluation of an- 194197, doi: 10.4103/1319-3767.65197.ti-Candida activity of Vitis vinifera L. seed extracts veloping prostate cancer by 41%. Theobtained from wine and table cultivars, Biomed Re- TopicalUseEnhancesWound study was designed to investigate anysearch International, 2014, 2014:127021, at https:// Healing: A group of 35 healthy correlationsbetweentheuseofvita- pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24864227/. adultswhohadundergoneminor mins, minerals, and other supplementsAntibacterial: Grape seed extractsurgery were given either a 2% GSE with cancer risk. The participants werecan kill some Campylobacter bac- creamorplacebotousetopically. 35,239 male members, 50-76 years ofteria, E. coli, and even methicillin-re- The group using the GSE cream expe-age, in a cohort study called the VITa- sistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). rienced full wound healing after eight mins And Lifestyle Study (VITAL). NoSilvn J, Mingo E, Hidalgo M, et al., Antibacterial ac- days, while the placebo group took 14 comparable risk reduction was notedtivity of a grape seed extract and its fractions againstdays to heal.from the use of Coenzyme Q-10, fishCampylobacter spp., Food Control, 2013, 29(1): 25-31, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.05.063; ZhuHemmati A, Foroozan M, Houshmand G, et al., The oil, garlic, ginkgo biloba, ginseng, orM, Olsen S, Sheng L, et al., Antimicrobial efficacy oftopical effect of grape seed extract 2% cream on sur-saw palmetto. Grape seed extract wasgrape seed extract against Escherichia coli O157:H7gery wound healing, Global Journal of Health Sci-growth, motility and Shiga toxin production, Foodence, 29 Oct 2014, 7(3): 52-58, at https://pubmed.ncbi.the only one of the supplements sur- Control, 2015, 51: 177-182, at https://doi.org/10.1016/j. nlm.nih.gov/25948437/; Sharif A, Akhtar N, Khan M, veyed showing a clear risk reduction forfoodcont.2014.11.024; Al-Habib A, Al-Saleh E, Safer A,et al., Formulation and evaluation on human skin et al., Bactericidal effect of grape seed extract on meth- of a water-in-oil emulsion containing Muscat ham-prostate cancer. icillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Theburg black grape seed extract, International Journal Brasky T, Kristal A, Navarro S, et al., Specialty supple- Journal of Toxicological Sciences, 2010, 35(3): 357-364,of Cosmetic Science, 2015, 37(2): 253-258, at https://ments and prostate cancer risk in the VITamins and Life- at https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.35.357. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25402429/.Probiotics for Depression DepressionRatingScale(HDRS),a Probiotics may improve depressive symp- clinicalscaleusedtomeasuredepres-toms via the gut microbiota-brainaxis.sionfromthebaselinetotheendof Research has shown a beneficial clinicaltreatment,onthepatients.Afterfour effect of probiotic supplementation inweekshadpassed,theHAM-Dwas patients with depression. There are spe- used again. The results showed that the cific neurobiological pathways betweensubjects in the probiotic group had few-gutmicrobiotaandthebrain.Thiserdepressivesymptomsthanthosein gut-microbiota-brain axis is difficult tothe placebo group. Stool sample anal-study because of individual variabilityysisshowedthattheprobiotic-treated in the composition of the microbiome.patientshadmore Lactobacillus spe-A recent clinical trial conducted by sci- a specific eight-strain probiotic formu- ciesintheirgutmicrobiomethanthe entists at the University of Basel showedlation of 900 billion live bacteria (theplacebo-treated patients. Higher levels that after four weeks of treatment, pa- De Simone Formulation) or a placeboof Lactobacillusspecies are associated tients receiving the probiotic had fewerdaily for 31 days, along with their nor- with fewer symptoms of depression.depressive symptoms than the placebomal antidepressant medication. Neither group, suggesting that the compositionthestudyparticipantsnorthestudyYamanbaeva G, Schaub A, Schneider E, et al., Effects of the microbiota plays a role in mentalstaff were aware of which patients wereof a probiotic add-on treatment on fronto-limbic brain structure, function, and perfusion in depression: Second-health. taking probiotics or the placebo. ary neuroimaging findings of a randomized controlled PatientswithdepressiveepisodesAtthebeginningofthetreatment,trial, Journal of Affective Disorders, 2023, 324: 529-538, were randomly assigned to either receivetheresearchersappliedtheHamiltonat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.142.H ealtHF reedomN ews /s ummer2023 25'